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Behind the scenes: Euclid Galactic Bulge Survey (Q2)

On 23 March 2025, the Euclid space telescope targeted an unusual location: a region near the Galactic Centre, capturing an exceptionally deep, wide-field, and high-resolution view of the Milky Way’s inner bulge. Over roughly 24 hours, the telescope observed nine contiguous fields, covering a total of 4.8 square degrees, capturing the images of roughly 60 million stars in total. Now the images and catalogues are made public to the world – we take the opportunity to peek behind the curtain to see what makes this image so special and which challenges had to be overcome.

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Light and dark matter in Abell 2390

Euclid starts seeing darkness

Euclid‘s core mission to study the nature of dark energy includes two central probes: one is tracking the expansion history of the Universe, the other traces structure formation over cosmic time. Ahead of the first cosmology results coming out in 2027, scientists have now published a first demonstration that Euclid can indeed trace massive structures dominated by usually invisible dark matter, using the technique of ‘weak gravitational lensing’.

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Euclid’s view of the ‘Morphological Tuning Fork’ of galaxy classifications

In March 2025 ESA and the Euclid Consortium released the first 63 square degrees of calibrated Euclid science images and catalogues, the Q1 release. At the same time, a set of descriptive technical articles and first scientific papers were released to the public. A second set of publications is now ready and has just been released – the EC issued a press release on this.

We have been using this occasion to dip into the more than 20 million galaxies observed for the Q1 release to re-construct a very classical display of extragalactic astronomy: the so-called ‘Morphological Tuning Fork’ – as seen by Euclid.

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Euclid finds complete Einstein Ring in NGC galaxy

Gravitational lenses are rare in the sky – galaxies bending the light-paths of light from other galaxies behind them to form distorted or even multiple images. Even rarer is a perfect alignment of the two galaxies with us, the obervers, with the light being bent into a so-called Einstein Ring. And the rarest case was now observed by Euclid: this happening in an extremely nearby NGC galaxy.

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